A Interview On My Father s My Dad, The Owner And Founder...

I would like to preface this report by mentioning that this interview went nothing like I expected. At 7:00pm on Tuesday, March 21st I walked into the office of Brad Hults, the owner and founder of Jefferson Midstate Auto Auction (JMAA). Every Tuesday used car dealers from all over the Midwest come to JMAA looking to buy and sell used cars. My dad, an auto dealer himself, currently works there on sale days (Tuesdays) and it just so happens that my father has connections with Brad. I am lucky enough to have an inside scoop on the business- I actually worked there on sale days last summer. This gives me an understanding of the culture and what JMAA really values as a company. Unfortunately, up until this interview, I had never actually had a†¦show more content†¦Because he (supposedly) has said energy, anyone who walks into his office, works for him, enters his car auction, or just interacts with his business in any way also gains part of that energy, and thus the universe sta rts to give them what they want as well. He was convinced that â€Å"[my] life has significantly improved since [I] started working here a year and a half ago. [I’ve] become more self-aware and those coincidences seem to happen more often. That is the universe bringing things to [me].† While the concept was nice, I am not sure if the world actually works that way. After the interview, I had more questions than answers, and I had not even gotten the chance to ask him about his actual business. I also really was not sure if he was a pure genius or if I needed to check him into a mental hospital. Probably both. After some analysis, I realized his opportunity identification process focused less on if it was feasible, but more on if he desired to do it. If he desired to something, the universe would bring everything he needed to him. Basically, the universe would take care of the feasibility part. I partly agree with Brad and definitely think that following your desires is a worthy goal. Just like the author of Monk and the Riddle said, the deferred life plan permits people to forget their passions and never actually achieve them. A passionate person is less discouraged by the difficulties of entrepreneurial process because they can see the end

Ban Smoking On Public Beaches - 855 Words

The ban of smoking on public beaches in America has increased since it started in the 1970s. This is a controversial issue as not all people agree on banning smoking on public beaches, mainly smokers. People that are strongly against smoking on public beaches tend to be parents and non-smokers alike. They find it absolutely unacceptable to smoke on public beaches as they see it as an unhealthy and a harmful habit, and do not want to be around it. Apart from disapproval of non smokers, there is other negative effects of smoking on public beaches. Therefore, smoking should not be allowed on public beaches. Leftover cigarettes pollute beaches and affect marine animals. Cigarette butts left and thrown onto the beaches by irresponsible and ignorant smokers make the beaches dirty and unattractive to people. This can have a lot of negative effects. One such example is that it is hard for the people to clean and dispose of cigarette leftovers, as they are small and more likely to be washed away into the water. Beach goers, families, and tourists are also affected as nobody wants to go on a polluted beach. There are already a lot of pollutants that contributes to the destruction of the beaches, such as oil spills, chemicals coming from factories, human wastes which are more prominent in less developed countries, and so on. Cigarettes are no exception to that, they not only makes the beaches unattractive to the people who go there, but they also have negative impacts on the marineShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Tobacco Smoke Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational beach cleaning every annu m. Smoking ban can benefit in several ways – from saving of lives, the prevention of disability, to a dramatic decline in health care costs – majority of which are carried by nonsmokers who otherwise are impelled to pay exaggerated health insurance premiums and higher taxes. The recently laid ban on smoking in outdoor areas, in the city, is a smart move. Support of smokers is truly much needed to make it successful. Smoking is extremely harmful to health of nonsmokersRead MoreSmokers’ Social Responsibility: Supporting Cigarette Ban in Outdoor Areas1011 Words   |  5 PagesSmokers’ Social Responsibility: Supporting Cigarette Ban in Outdoor Areas Audience: Smokers in the city Genre: An article in local newspaper Results of many researches have proven that concentrations of tobacco smoke in outdoor areas possess the risk to individuals, kids and environment. Even cigarette butts are equally hazardous for environment and many creatures, especially in sea. Therefore, the recently laid ban on smoking in outdoor area in our city is a good move. However, the support ofRead MoreNo Smoking Bans In Colleges Essay1078 Words   |  5 PagesNo Smoking Bans at College Smoking bans have become a new trend in colleges and universities. The effort is to making changes in the attitude and behavior of students to consider this habit as risky for a smoker, as well as the people around them and other environmental factors. Knowing the fact a growing concern is observed as harmful effects of second hand smoking are larger than that of first hand smoking. A smoke free campus policy will be a mere step in changing the trend of smoking and maintainingRead MoreShould Smoking Be Legal?1706 Words   |  7 PagesSmoking tobacco has been in existence for thousands of years. For most of its existence smoking has been acceptable, tolerable, and permitted in our mainstream society. In recent years, smoking tobacco has been under scrutiny. Smoking bans have been introduced to restrict smokers from smoking in public and private places. For example, restaurants, bars, hotels, parks, and beaches throughout the United States have established the bans against public smoking. I discovered this has significance as itRead MoreThe Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On The Environment920 Words   |  4 PagesCigarette smoking has affected the environment negatively, as well (Novotny). Discarded cigarette butts can be seen off the streets, sidewalks, beaches, or other open areas (Novotny). Even though a single discarded cigarette filter has minimal impact on t he environment, United States had manufactured 1.35 trillion of filtered cigarettes in 2007 and 360 billion of them were consumed (Novotny). According to Ocean Conservancy’s International Coastal Cleanup, these wastes are the most littered and collectedRead MoreSmoking Should Be Banned from All Public Areas 1106 Words   |  5 Pagesinto your lungs. Now look around yourself, and you’ll see someone smoking on the bench beside you. Smoking is the number one avoidable causes of death. Therefore, smoking should be banned from all public areas. The ban from smoking in public will help to reduce the smokers intake of cigarettes/chemicals, cigarettes themselves are a danger to the earth, some may argue that this ban may damage the cigarette economy, and that smoking does not only effect the smoker himself/herself, it effects everyoneRead MoreSmoking Bans1275 Words   |  6 Pages1965, the first year the CDC started tracking that figure (â€Å"Trends in Current Cigarette Sm oking Among High School Students and Adults, United States, 1965–2014† cdc.gov). Smoking bans are partially to thank in addition to education efforts for the plummeting number of smokers in this country, however, smoking bans in public parks should have no part in the effort to end tobacco dependency. Smoking bans in US public parks should be illegal because it would be extremely difficult to enforce, it limitsRead MoreShould Smoking Be Public Spaces Should Be Allowed?1789 Words   |  8 Pagesand at our restaurants. It is the war on smoking. Over the past several years the debate has been raised about whether or not smoking in public spaces should be allowed. Should a person be able to go anywhere in public and have the right to clean air? Is society infringing upon the rights of smokers? This social issue is more than just about health. This is a topic of great importance because of the implications of a ruling in favor or against smoking in public could have great i mplications to how ourRead MoreIts Time to Ban Smoking Essay1677 Words   |  7 Pagesracing into your lungs. Now look around yourself, and you’ll see someone smoking on the bench beside you. Smoking is the number one avoidable causes of death. Therefore, smoking should be banned from all public areas. The ban from smoking in public will help to reduce the smokers intake of cigarettes/chemicals, cigarettes themselves are a danger to the earth, some may argue that this ban may damage the economy, and that smoking does not only effect the smoker himself/herself, it effects everyone aroundRead MoreCigarette Smoking around the World Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagesmore than AIDS, alcohol, drugs, abuse, car accidents, murders, suicides, and fires COMBINED (â€Å"Cigarette Smoking† 2). Scary, isnt it? That even though cigarettes can cause that many deaths, people still smoke them? Cigarette smoking is a serious problem in the United States. Especially when it is done in pub lic. Public smoking should be banned because it is a hazard to the people around. Smoking comes with many problems. Not only for the smoker, but for the nonsmokers who are exposed to the smoke

Company Law of Grand Ltd-Free-Samples for Student-Myassignment

Question: Separately consider each capital transaction. Can Grand Ltd successfully undertake each transaction? Explain your answer with references to the relevant sections of the Corporations Act 2001 and relevant case law. Answer: Issue Grand Ltds current share capital consists of 25000 ordinary shares, which were issued at a price of $5 per share, and 5000 preference shares that were issued at a price of $2. Preference Shares The rights of the preference shares have been decided by passing a special resolution by Grand Ltd just after its registration. The rights of the preference shareholders are as under: The preference shareholders shall enjoy preference on the repayment of capital over other shareholders at the time of liquidation of the company. The preference shareholders shall receive dividend at the rate of 7% per annum. Moreover, the preference shares that have been issued are cumulative preference shares. These shares shall carry one vote per share. The preference shareholders shall have no share in the surplus profits or assets of the company. The document governing the organization does contain provisions that shall be applicable on the further issue of preference shares. Neither does it provide for variation or cancellation of the rights of any share. Ordinary Shares The shareholding of the ordinary shares of the company is as under: 60% of the ordinary shares that is 15000 shares are held by Audax family Others hold 40% of the ordinary shares that is 10000 shares. At the time of issue of ordinary shares, each carried one voting right. Now, the company is willing to increase its capital base by the issue of shares. It has two options Raising funds from the issue of equity share capital Raising funds from the issue of preference share capital Grant Ltd prefers to raise funds from the issue of equity shares. This shall dilute the shareholding of Audax family. The Audax family does not want to invest funds in the company any further. However, it still wants to retain its shareholding of 60% in Grant Ltd. Therefore, the company is considering adopting the following strategy to raise additional funds: 5000 new preference shares shall be issued on the same terms as the old preference shares. 20000 new equity shares shall be issued to new investors at an issue price of $5 per share. After the issuance of new equity shares, the equity shares shall be divided into two groups. These groups shall be named as Group A equity shares and Group B equity shares. Group A equity shares shall consist of shares Audax family and shall carry two votes per share on a poll. Group B shares shall consist of new equity shares having one vote per share. The main issue mentioned in the above case study is that whether Grant Ltd can go ahead with the above mentioned issuance of preference and ordinary shares or not. Further, whether Audax family can be granted two votes when a poll is demanded is also an issue of the case study. In the paragraphs mentioned below the these issues shall be dealt with in the light of the provisions of Corporations Act 2001. Law/Principle As per Section 9 of Corporation Act, 2001, a redeemable preference shares means shares that have preference over other class of shares in the payment of dividend of the company or in the distribution of the assets of the company at the time of winding up (icnl.org, 2017). These shares may or may not carry voting rights. However, preference shares that are issued by a listed company must carry voting rights relating to certain matters (Freckelton and Selby 2013). Corporations Act, 2001 defines ordinary shares as shares that do not carry any preferential rights. Ordinary shares are entitled to vote and participate in the dividends or in the distribution of assets of the company (icnl.org, 2017). The Corporation Act further provides that without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of any existing shares or class of shares and subject to the provisions of this Act, the Listing Rules and the Constitution, the directors can, at any time issue such number of shares that they consider appropriate (Coffee Jr, Sale and Henderson 2015). Further, the shares that the directors plan to issue can belong to any class of shares (icnl.org, 2017). These shares can be ordinary shares, preferred shares, deferred shares or shares having other special rights and restrictions with regard to return on capital, dividend otherwise or otherwise as the directors determine on their discretion (icnl.org, 2017). The Corporation Act further elaborates on the rights attached on any class of shares. As per the provisions of this Act, share capital of the company can be divided into different classes of shares subject to certain conditions (icnl.org, 2017). According to the relevant provisions of the Act, the rights of any class of shares can be varied if three quarters of the shareholders of that class of shares give their consent in writing or if it authorized by a special resolution passed in a separate meeting of the class of shareholders whose rights are being considered to be varied. Application of Law The provisions of Corporation Act, 2001 have been mentioned above. On applying the above mentioned provisions of Corporation Act 2001 in case of Grant Ltd the following inferences can be drawn: The Corporation Act, 2001 contains provisions relating to the issuance of preference shares by the company. The provisions of the Act provides that the directors of the company may at any time issue such number of shares as they deem fit (icnl.org, 2017). Therefore, applying this provision in case of Grant Ltd, this company can issue 5000 fresh preference shares on the same terms as the old preference shares. The Corporation Act has given the authority to the directors of the company to issue any number of shares at any time and belonging to any class (icnl.org, 2017). Hence, applying this provision, Grant Ltd can issue $20000 new equity shares. The Act has also laid down provisions relating to division of class of shares. As per the relevant provisions of the Act, the rights of any class of shareholders can varied if it is approved by three quarters of the shareholders whose rights the company is considering to alter or by passing a special resolution in separate meeting of the class of shareholders whose rights shall be varied (Tricker and Tricker 2015). Further, the Act also provides that a class of ordinary shareholders may have more than one vote when a poll is demanded (icnl.org, 2017). On applying these provisions of Corporation Act, 2001, Grant Ltd can issue 10000 ordinary shares and provide two votes on in case of a to Audax family if the same is approved by three fourths of the ordinary shareholders of Grant Ltd. In other words, a separate meeting of the ordinary shareholders should be held and at least 18750 ordinary shareholders out of 25000 shareholders grant their approval on providing Audax family two votes wh en a poll is demanded. Only if this condition is satisfied, Grant Ltd can go ahead and provide this liberty to Audax family. Therefore, Grant Ltd needs to hold a meeting of the ordinary shareholders in order to seek approval for granting two votes per share to Audax family when a poll is demanded. Conclusion It can be concluded from the above discussion that all companies are required to follow the provisions laid down in Corporation Act 2001 and the document governing the company. However, if there is a contradiction between the document governing the company and the Act, the Act shall prevail. Further, in case the document governing the organization is silent relating to any matter, the company shall follow the provisions of Corporation Act. Grant Ltd needs to follow the provisions mentioned in the Corporation Act for raising funds through the issue of additional preference shares or ordinary shares. Grant Ltd also needs to follow the provisions contained in the Act in order to grant additional voting rights to Audax family. The Act authorizes the directors of any company issue any class of shares at any time as the directors deem fit. Hence, the directors of Grant Ltd can issue the required number of preference and ordinary shares at any point of time, as they consider appropriate. Th e Act also provides that when the rights of any class of shares are varied, a meeting of that class of shares shall be held and the proposal relating to the variation of the rights of shares should be approved by three quarter of the shareholders. The Act also permits to grant more than vote to any class of ordinary shareholders when a poll is demanded. However, such voting rights can be granted only if the requisite number of shareholders as provided by the Act pass the proposal granting such rights. Therefore, Grant Ltd needs to hold a meeting of the ordinary shareholders before granting any additional voting rights to Audax family in order to seek approval from the ordinary shareholders. In case, the requisite number of shareholders does not approve the proposal in the meeting, then the proposal shall fail and Audax family shall not be granted any additional voting rights. Bibliography Coffee Jr, J.C., Sale, H. and Henderson, M.T., 2015. Securities regulation: Cases and materials. Ferran, E. and Ho, L.C., 2014.Principles of corporate finance law. Oxford University Press. Freckelton, I.R. and Selby, H., 2013.Expert evidence: Law, practice, procedure and advocacy. Lawbook Company. Gitman, L.J., Juchau, R. and Flanagan, J., 2015.Principles of managerial finance. Pearson Higher Education AU. Gullifer, L. and Payne, J., 2015.Corporate finance law: principles and policy. Bloomsbury Publishing. Hanrahan, P.F., Ramsay, I. and Stapledon, G.P., 2013. Commercial applications of company law. Hanrahan, P.F., Ramsay, I. and Stapledon, G.P., 2013. Commercial applications of company law. Harris, J., Hargovan, A. and Adams, M.A., 2013.Australian corporate law(Vol. 2). LexisNexis Butterworths. Hilb, M., 2012.New corporate governance: Successful board management tools. Springer Science Business Media. icnl.org, i. (2017). [online] Available at: research/library/files/Australia/Corps2001Vol4WD02.pdf [Accessed 30 Jul. 2017]. Monem, R.M., 2013. Determinants of board structure: Evidence from Australia.Journal of contemporary accounting economics,9(1), pp.33-49. Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA

Water, Land and Air Pollution Essay Example

Water, Land and Air Pollution Paper Water pollution Water pollution is usually caused by human activities. Different human sources add to the pollution of water. There are two sorts of sources, they mostly come from pipelines or sewers and then into the surface water. Nonprofit sources are sources that cannot be traced to a single site of discharge. Examples some sources are: factories, sewage treatment plants, underground mines, oil wells, oil tankers and agriculture, acid deposition room the air, traffic, pollutants that are spread through rivers and pollutants that enter the water through groundwater. Water pollution can have a drastic impact on aquatic life in any body of water, which can result in the complete elimination Of certain species. Chemical compounds can be toxic to aquatic life Land pollution Land pollution is the demolition of Earths land surfaces often caused by human activities and their misuse of land resources. It occurs when waste is not disposed properly. Health hazard disposal of urban and industrial wastes, exploitation of minerals, and improper use of soil by inadequate agricultural. Primarily caused by industrial contamination, land pollution is a global problem. Becoming aware of the many ways that land becomes polluted, and recognizing the harmful effects of land pollution, is an important step in understanding how it can be remedied. Air pollution Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals or biological materials that cause arm to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere. We will write a custom essay sample on Water, Land and Air Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Water, Land and Air Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Water, Land and Air Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Air pollution presents big environmental threat in many parts of the world. Air pollution includes variety of different harmful chemicals and gases released from our vehicles and our industrial facilities that make our air dirty. Vehicles are the biggest source of air pollution. Air pollution has extremely negative effect on our environment.

Spanish Infinitives and How Theyre Used

Spanish Infinitives and How Theyre Used Definition of 'Infinitive' The infinitive is the most basic form of a verb. In Spanish, infinitives always end in -ar, -er or -ir, with -ar being the most common. In English, infinitive is usually used to refer to the to verb form of the verb such as to run or to eat, although according to some authorities the infinitives are run and eat. An infinitive by itself does not indicate tense nor who or what is performing the action of the verb. In both English and Spanish, the infinitive can often function as a noun. In Spanish, such a noun is always masculine and is usually used in the singular form. The Spanish word for infinitive is infinitivo. Other examples of infinitives in Spanish are hablar, viajar, comprender, and resistir. The corresponding English infinitives are to speak, to travel, to understand, and to resist. Using Infinitives as the Subject of a Sentence It is very common in Spanish for an infinitive to be the subject of a sentence or clause. In translation to English, either the infinitive or the gerund can be used, although Spanish gerunds cant function as nouns. For example, the sentence Salir es difà ­cil could be translated as either To leave is difficult or Leaving is difficult. Often when an infinitive is the subject, it can follow the verb. Thus it would be possible to render the Spanish sentence as Es difà ­cil salir. Amar is mejor que ser amado. (To love is better than being loved.)No es posible comer todo el dà ­a de manera saludable. (Eating all day is not possible in a healthy way. Alternative translation: It is not possible to eat all day in a healthy way.)El ser humano comparte muchas caracterà ­sticas con los primates. (The human being shares many characteristics with the primates.) Using Infinitives as Prepositional Objects In Spanish but not usually in English, infinitives are often the objects of prepositions. The gerund is typically used in translation to English. Tu hija no tiene ya la capacidad para entender tus reglas. (Your daughter doesnt yet have the capacity for understanding your rules. Para is the preposition here.)El tenista confirmà ³ que le ofrecieron dinero por perder un partido. (The tennis player confirmed that they offered him money for losing a match. The preposition here is por.) Using Infinitives as a Verbal Object In a sentence such as Espero comprar una casa (I hope to buy a house), the infinitive in both language retains qualities of both noun and verb - noun because its an object and a verb because it has  an object of its own (una casa or a house). Ayer te vi salir de tu oficina. (Yesterday I saw you leaving your office.)Necesito cambiar el nombre de usuario. (I need to change my user name.)Quiero comer  pronto. (I want to eat soon.) Using Infinitives as a Verbal Complement Infinitives are often used as the complement of a copulative or linking verb: This is especially common with forms of ser, meaning to be. Lo ms importante es saber que usted no ests sola. (The most important thing is to know you are not alone.)Todo lo que yo querà ­a era hablar contigo. (All that I wanted was to talk with you.)Katarina me parece ser una buen artista. (Katarina seems to me to be a good artist.) Infinitives as Commands In Spanish, it is common in recipes and on signs, less so in speech, to use an infinitive as a type of command. Such a construction is rare in English with the exception of this negative command: Not to worry. Mezclar los ingredientes en el siguiente orden. (Mix the ingredients in the following order.)No fumar. (No smoking.) Forming a Future Tense Using Infinitives The periphrastic future tense is common in both Spanish and English. It is formed by using a present tense of ir a or to go followed by an infinitive. In some Spanish-speaking areas, the periphrastic future has mostly replaced the conjugated future tense. In both languages, it is considered less formal than the standard future tense. Van a estudiar las principales teorà ­as. (They are going to study the principal theories.)Voy a probarlo una vez. (Im going to try it once.)

Ask An Agent What Makes A Self-Published Author Stand Out

Ask An Agent What Makes A Self-Published Author Stand Out Ask an Agent: Paul Lucas on What Makes a Self-Published Author Stand Out Paul Lucas is a literary agent at Janklow Nesbit where he has been representing authors since 2011. His clients come from across the spectrum of fiction (thrillers, science fiction, fantasy, historical and literary) and non-fiction (history, narrative, travel, science and humor). His clients include New York Times best-selling author R.A. Salvatore, Anthony Ryan, Alan Flusser, and Katherine Arden.Reedsy: How have you seen attitudes toward self-publishing change since you started out in publishing?Paul Lucas: Attitudes have changed tremendously, particularly since several self-published authors have now become monumental success stories. It is in part  because so many readers came to, and enjoyed, books by self-published authors. Since distributing e-books is so much cheaper and simpler than distributing physical books to bookstores, there are fewer barriers to entry and much easier discovery. As products, the e-books are indistinguishable from other offerings. So if the book is go od, it will receive attention.Which of your clients are self-published? Do you know of big authors that people might not know got their start as self-published authors?My clients that started in self-publishing include Anthony Ryan (NYT bestselling author), Matthew Mather (translated into 15 territories), James Islington, Steve McHugh, Jodi McIsaac and Richard Phillips. Andy Weir, Hugh Howey, AG Riddle, and Blake Crouch are major authors who stand out from the self-publishing world.Sorry there’s a male bias to these writers! Women have been tremendously successful with self-published science fiction and thrillers; I just haven’t signed any other than Jodi. Women absolutely dominate the romance space.In working with self-published authors who transition to traditional publishing, what stands out about them? What are their greatest assets, both personally and professionally?The key to self-publishing is that the writer becomes her own publisher. That means hiring editors , illustrators, and designers and paying for marketing and promotion. The best of them are very professional, and many publish several books a year. It’s easier for them to do so since there is a much longer lead time in traditional publishing.Since many self-published authors enjoy closer access to their fans, it makes it self-sustaining success more achievable. If she feels confident that 20,000-30,000 readers will come to each of her new books, twice a year, a writer can comfortably rise to a six-figure income. Traditional publishers would find it challenging to reach 20,000 readers and might give up on that author if they did not see sales rising. Relishing the challenges of editorial control and developing strong positioning for your book are two critical characteristics for success in self-publishing. "Many self-published authors enjoy closer access to their fans"@canonizer With all of the reading that agents need to do to stay on top of the industry as a whole, how do you prioritize reading self-published work? Do you actively seek it out or hear about it through word-of-mouth or recommendations? In short, how does a self-published book find its way onto the radar of an agent?I typically find self-published books that are rising quickly in e-book sales rankings. It is less word-of-mouth than trawling through the winners on retailers’ sites. Sometimes self-published authors seek out agents but it’s fairly rare for very successful ones to do so these days since agents typically come knocking after they get enough attention.Where do you see self-publishing fitting into the larger publishing industry in the coming years? What is exciting about it? What will traditional publishers have to adapt to? Self-publishing will continue to grow for as long as it remains difficult for new authors to break into traditional publishing. That means it is mo re important than ever to treat a self-published book with the same consideration (or as close as you can get) that a traditionally published book would receive. The more believable the characters, plot, and writing, the easier it will be for readers to engage with it. Similarly, everyone judges books by their covers so it’s worth spending $500-1000 to have one created professionally rather than attempting one’s first MS Paint masterpiece.Publishers have attempted to launch their own digital imprints, which seem to cater to readers of self-published books. I’d recommend that any self-published author contemplating moving to a traditional publisher’s digital imprint do so with caution. Losing control over marketing the book can be jarring for people who have found success marketing their books on their own terms.Frankly, traditional publishing has become mediocre at launching new brand-name authors, especially with ongoing series. There haven’t been many new Anne Rices, James Pattersons, Stuart Woods in the last 5-10 years. Some of the ones now traditionally published earned their names in the self-published ranks. Publishers will need to learn how to develop talent if they want to keep people from wanting to self-publish, rather than publish traditionally.What are the potential obstacles facing self-publishing as it grows?Well, the elephant in the room is whether Amazon will continue to pay such substantial royalties and subsidize  self-published authors through Kindle Unlimited and their other deals. Authors might see a decline in their earnings if those were to disappear but it is unlikely to change how self-published books succeed in the near term since most self-published authors rely on the platform.What would you tell emerging authors who are on the fence about self-publishing?There used to be a stigma to self-publishing; it was synonymous with vanity publishing, which meant that authors would spend several thousand d ollars in exchange for inventory and the possibility of physical distribution. This stigma has all but vanished, particularly in commercial fiction where self-published authors are really thriving. Literary fiction and non-fiction all continue to work better traditionally. Readers seem to have short attention spans these days so discovery for more academically minded projects (or â€Å"serious† or â€Å"literary† or however we are describing high-brow books on a given day) have a big headwind. "This stigma has all but vanished, particularly in commercial fiction"@canonizer Lastly, new authors should keep in mind that it’s very hard for an agent to do anything with a newly self-published book. If it only has hundreds or several thousand sales, they will be unlikely to move it to the traditional space right away. This should not be discouraging – it might lead to far greater rewards.Are you hesitant to self-publish? What is your top reason for wanting to work with a traditional publisher on your first book? Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.

Affirmative Action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Affirmative Action - Essay Example an publicity, the government has ensured that racial discrimination against African-Americans and people of color are eliminated in employment industry. In the employment norm, the government has laid down strategies that ensure no barrier is created so that any qualified person is employed. Affirmative action in the U.S is fighting to ensure that there is no discrimination based on either gender or race. The affirmative action calls for equality in that every person should be given equal opportunity based on his or her qualification. In the U.S, an aspect of public policy has triggered employment industries to look in depth on the facet of discrimination, which has led to abuse of civil liberties of Americans. Various laws and policies have been laid down to ensure that there is equal employment opportunity and affirmative actions are dealt with. Public policies with inherent contradictions can be seen as a negative impact towards employment facet leading to disparate impact, color-blind and narrowly tailored actions (McCrudden 45-53). Approaches to affirmative action in terms of Catholic and Protestant applicants for the police service of Northern Ireland, the legal ability has laid down strategies that could see the government of European Union engage in positive action towards the issue of employment. Racial discrimination in regards to employment has been evident European countries for a long time. This has forced the members of the entire States to introduce effective measures that overlooked races context, disability and religion as far as the issue of employment is

CAPM Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

CAPM - Assignment Example Based on the rationale obtained in relation to these mentioned fields, the paper aims at concluding with regard to the relevance of CAPM for corporate managers (Fama & French, 2003). CAPM is valued high owing to its ability to guide investment projects through accurate calculation about the relationship between the risk and return. This relationship provides two major functions. First, it serves as a standard regarding the rate of return for assessing the potential investments and second, it helps generating a cultured guess, rather than a biased one, with regard to return on assets, which have not been traded in the market place. The common concept behind CAPM is that investors must be remunerated in two ways, i.e. time assessment of money as well as risk (Leonard, Loli, Kralj & Vlachos, 2012). The relationship of risk and return can be described with regard to the fact that low level of risk is connected with low potential returns and high risks are connected with high potential returns. In general terms, ‘risk’ is considered as negative concerning the fact that risks imply investments and their returns as conditional, wherein investors may or may not be able to generate their desired level of profit. It is thus that CAPM suggests, considering high risk of return, investors must be conscious about their possible risk tolerance at the time of selecting investment projects for their portfolio. Notably, according to the model, there are two types of risks those can be possible when selecting investment, such as systematic risks and unsystematic risks (Leonard, Loli, Kralj & Vlachos, 2012). CAPM helps to calculate the cost of equity of a private company by assessing the betas and thereafter, calculate the cost of debt by estimating risk of default as well as cost of debt after tax. In a private company, the originations of risks and

Complan Foods Essay Example for Free

Complan Foods Essay Complan Foods is a British company that makes powdered milk energy drinks. It was acquired by Danone in 2011. In India the Complan brand is owned by the H. J. Heinz Company. Complan was launched by Glaxo in 1954. As part of Glaxos Farley Health Products subsidiary, the Complan UK brand was sold to Boots in 1988. In India, Complan remained with Glaxo until 1994, when it was acquired by Heinz, who also acquired the UK brand in the same year.[2][3] In 2002 a majority stake in the UK business (Complan Foods) was sold to the Saatchi brothers Saatchinvest BRIEF HISTORY The H.J. Heinz Company, headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is the most global of all U.S.-based food companies. Famous for their iconic brands on five continents, Heinz provides delicious, nutritious and convenient foods for families in 200 countries around the world. In more than 50 of those countries, we enjoy the number-one or number-two market position. To learn more visit www.heinz.com. Heinz came to India in 1994 by taking over the Family Products Division of Glaxo. GlaxoSmithKline plc (GSK) is a British multinational pharmaceutical, biologics, vaccines and consumer healthcare company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is the worlds fourth-largest pharmaceutical company measured by 2009 prescription drug sales .It was established in 2000 by the merger of Glaxo Wellcome plc and SmithKline Beecham plc. with powerful brands such as Complan, Glucon-D, Nycil and Sampriti. Heinz India is fully integrated into the global Heinz operations employing high standards in quality at manufacturing facility at Aligarh in the State of Uttar Pradesh. This manufacturing facility is HACCP certified and follows GFMP (Good Food Manufacturing Practices) to deliver safe food products Heinz in India provides taste and nutrition through globally trusted products like Heinz Tomato Ketchup and strong local products like Complan energy drink, Nycil the most effective prickly heat powder and Sampriti Ghee. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES: http://www.heinz.co.in/about_heinz/history.aspx

Comparing Glycemic Responses to Low-Carbohydrate and High-Carbohydrate

Comparing Glycemic Responses to Low-Carbohydrate and High-Carbohydrate Energy Bars The Atkins Advantage Bar and the Power Bar are two energy bars containing differing amounts of carbohydrate. Both bars were studied in order to compare their effects on glycemia in the body. Steven R. Hertzler and Yeonsoo Kim investigated these bars in comparison with two controls, chicken breast and white bread, because these two foods also have divergent carbohydrate contents. To perform their study, the researchers recorded plasma glucose responses to 60-gram portions of all of these test foods. This study demonstrates the correlation between the carbohydrate composition of the Atkins Advantage Bar and the Power Bar, and the effects that this has on glycemia. The Atkins Advantage Bar is a low-carbohydrate energy bar that is part of the Atkins Diet plan. This snack food fits into the low-carbohydrate, high-protein weight loss program. Its purpose is to replenish the energy lost when one removes carbohydrates from his/ her diet in attempts to lose weight. In this particular study, the Atkins Advantage Bar served as the low-carbohydrate bar, which had the closest macronutrient composition to the chicken breast control (zero carbohydrates). One serving of this energy bar contains 2.6 grams or less of carbohydrates. Participants of this study who were fed the 60-gram portions of the Atkins Advantage energy bar experienced predictable glycemic responses, as a result of the low amount of carbohydrate that this bar contains. These participants produced the lowest glycemic responses in the study. Consumption of his energy bar reduced glycemia by 71%, as compared with the white bread control. The results of this study did not surprise Hertzler an. .. ...trated that energy bars that contain divergent amounts of carbohydrate produce different results. The low-carbohydrate energy bar, the Atkins Advantage Bar, produced the lowest glycemic responses, thus reducing glycemia. On the end of the spectrum, the high-carbohydrate Power Bar produced the highest glycemic responses, which increased glycemia. The differing glycemic responses of these two energy bars make sense because each bar has been developed to fulfill a different purpose. The Atkins Advantage Bar is a snack food that fits into a low-carbohydrate diet; therefore, its goal is to promote weight loss. On the other hand, the Power Bar is an energy bar that mainly fits into an exercise plan; and its goal is to replenish glycogen in the muscles. These two energy bars affect the body’s glycemic levels differently because they were formulated for different purposes.

Most important aspect of education Essay

Education is one of the important aspects of one’s life. †learning creativity, creativity leads to thinking, thinking giving knowledge, knowledge to make you great† (Abdul Kalam, 2015). This clearly shows that education creates creative and inventive person because if one thinks then a new idea is born, †Education is not a factual learning, but a thought-thinking education† (Albert Einstein, 2015) .so everybody needs to support and encourage the younger generation to pursue their studies to university level. Furthermore, in a free market, higher education would become the preserve of wealthy families who can afford to send their children to university. Therefore there is a strong case for the government providing higher education free at the point of use. In my opinion, the government has to give free education to attract students to further their studies. Education has positive benefits for the rest of society. There also have some country provides fre e university education for the student for example, in, Nordic nations Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden all offer opportunities to study free or at low-cost: In Norway, university study is available free of charge to all students, regardless of study level or nationality. My first point is equality. There is also a strong argument that university education should be free to ensure equal opportunities. If a student has to pay university education, this can prevent them. Theoretically, students can borrow or work part-time, but this may be enough to prevent students from learning and otherwise can enter the early job market. (Pettinger, 2017) Equality plays an important role in university-level education. †Education is the strongest weapon you can use to transform the world† (Mandela, 2017). University education is very important for an individual to improve his / her standard of living and to advance the nation. If everyone gets a full university education then negligence can be avoided and they know what needs to be done for their bright future. For example, if medical education is given free then many doctors in the country are born and can help the community by providing free medical services with this reduced rate of death and illness. Governments have to stress more profoundly to give birth to many graduates. Besides, the enhancement of the specialization of work. There are many specializations of which are specialization by professional, specialization by a process, specialization by region and international specialization. The global economy has forced countries, such as the UK to specialize in higher value-added products and higher-end products and services. The largest export industries in the UK include pharmaceuticals, organic chemicals, optical and surgical instruments, and nuclear technology (Pettinger, 2017). Therefore, there is a greater opportunity for skilled graduates who can contribute to this high-tech industry. The world is now pointing towards technology, so all countries should produce IT graduates in large quantities. IT plays a big role in this capital world as an example human beings can stay on planet Mars, there is water on the planet Pluto, and so can be detected through NASA technology. Furthermore, Education is a virtue. One of the virtues is that people can underestimate the benefits of learning and undervalue of higher education. †Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts †(Churchill, 2017). This clearly shows that education is not merely a thought but a birth to a human being Experienced in education. Education creates good and high potential for self-development, society, and nation. If one is fully educated in the university then one has a lot of job opportunities in the state as well as international level. University education is not just for work but it can be used in everyday life. For example, a retail store trader has experience on product brands, prices, shortages and advantages of a product that can promote to the community can help improve the level of communication. In addition, Producing a Great Leader. Education to the people allows the nation to have a better and brighter leader. Indeed, our country desperately needs leaders who are knowledgeable and visionary in advancing the country. This is because,/ multiracial Malaysians need a wise and acceptable leader of all races. This knowledge-led leader will make a more rational consideration in implementing a program designed. In addition, knowledgeable people can also give ideas to national leaders in developing and developing countries. If the government provides free university education, young generation students will be attracted and focused on learning and able to produce authoritative leaders.†Education is not just about going to school and getting a degree. It’s about widening your knowledge and absorbing the truth about life†(Devi,2017).Higher education is very important for coming young generation to lead a country. on the other hand, the Opportunity Costs are worrying many people to give university education free of charge. If the authorities spend billions for free university education, there is an opportunity to raise taxes or reduce spending elsewhere. It can be said, there are greater social benefits than providing vocational training so people can be plumbers, electricians and so on. Often the actual lack of this skill in the economy. If governments spend a lot on university education, activities such as imports, exports and entrepreneurs will be disturbed and cause national development. Governments must divide spending properly to avoid bankruptcy. This is because higher education takes a high cost. On another hand, education makes people more appreciative of education. If people are forced to pay for a university, you can argue that they will appreciate more lessons. If higher education is free, Students will take it easy with the help provided. High education is free to give positive and negative impact. If given free, the student will set up and play to avoid the authorities should provide relevant terms and conditions to avoid such things this applies. In conclusion, I emphasize on my level that university education should be independent even if it has a negative impact. If we do not have public education, we will be underestimated and marginalized. †(Kalam, 2017), so in my opinion, the authorities need to provide higher education independently to the nation’s progress, the government should play a major role in such matters, must find the most effective and productive solution. the parties should look at the advantages and disadvantages of higher education independently to produce mature minded people and to develop the country rapidly. This can avoid and minimize negligence often occur.

Agriculture and Industrialisation

The topic of agriculture and its role in industrial and urban development has long been studied by economic theoreticians. According to Nam, Dang and Hainsworth (2000), there are three important theoretical schools that have been particularly influential after World War II, and which differ considerably in the ways by which each presents the relationship between agriculture and industry, in regards to the process of industrialisation.These are: â€Å"the role of agriculture in industrialisation†, â€Å"‘big leap’ into industrialisation and urbanisation†, and â€Å"harmonious links in the development process† (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http://www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).In 1965, John Mellor and Bruce Johnston reported that a successful agricultural sector is an important element in the industrial development and rapid growth rate of a nation’s economy. According to Johnston and Mellor, the five key roles of agriculture are: ·Ã¢â‚¬Å"to supply cheap foodstuffs and raw materials for the urban/industrial sector†; ·Ã¢â‚¬Å"to export farm products to earn foreign exchange which could be used to finance technological and material imports for urban and industrial development†; ·Ã¢â‚¬Å"to release labour to provide the work force for the industrial sector†; ·Ã¢â‚¬Å"to expand the domestic market for industrial products†; and ·Ã¢â‚¬Å"to increase domestic savings to be used to finance industrial expansion† (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http://www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).Also in 1965, Simon Kuznets verified the role of agriculture in industrialisation by way of commercial transactions.According to Kuznets, the agricultural sector supplies other sectors within and outside the country with products such as â€Å"foodstuffs, industrial raw materials, labour, capital, and markets† that are necessary for industrialisation (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http://www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).But despite the fact that these authors emphasised the importance of agriculture, their hypotheses also highlighted the need for a restructuring of the national economy, decreasing the share of the agricultural sector in the GDP (gross domestic product) and in the work force, and boosting the industrial sectors.Developmental strategies were usually geared towards the maximum utilisation of agricultural resources to augment industrialisation and urban expansion. In the matter of utilising agriculture to support industrialisation, the existing theories were unable to provide insight into how this can be made possible.La Grande Encyclopedie Francaise stated in 1986 that â€Å"The industrial revolution is accompanied by a general urbanisation and the gradual death of rural civilisation† (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http://www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).In 1992, Hainworth observed that the conventional economic theories of the West, as established from the development of the UK and other European nations as well as the rapid industrialisation of North America, often places the agricultural sector in the position of â€Å"Cinderella† or slave to the indulgent â€Å"ugly stepsister† demands of industrialisation.In W.W. Rostow’s The Stages of Economic Growth, the author affirms that Western countries have achieved such advanced stages of development that their experience should be emulated by other countries.According to Rostow, the growth of an agricultural sector in an industrialising setting should be carried out concurrently based on four approaches: â€Å"economic, spatial, sociopolitical, and cultural – industrialisation, urbanisation, internationalization, and Westernisation†   (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http://www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).Somewhat akin to this viewpoint are the opinions of several Western theorists in A Future for European Agriculture. Their theories tended to downplay the role of agriculture in industrialisation. According to them, the agricultural sector in Europe is primarily geared only towards the production of food.Thus, on the road to industrialisation, the only way to preserve economic growth is to considerably trim down the agricultural work force. As a rule, an impartial cutback on the agricultural work force and an augmenting of the industrial and urban-services labour force are expected trends in countries undergoing the process of industrialisation.Nevertheless, it is also important to remember the aforementioned key roles of agriculture. Another vital aspect not to be forgotten is that a country cannot simply make a â€Å"big leap† from being primarily agricultural into instantly becoming industrialised.There are stages between the two that simply cannot be bypassed, as evidenced by the experiences of developing countries in Latin America, Asia, and Afric a. Owing to lack of consideration for the agricultural sectors, there have been instances where the negative ramifications of rapid industrialisation have been felt in some countries.In certain African, Asian, and Latin American nations, the consequences of making a â€Å"leap† towards industrialisation have included widespread shortages in foodstuffs, sudden migrations into urban centres that have led to poverty and overpopulation, and abrupt scarcities in the necessary products for industrialisation.British economist E.F. Schumacher, in his 1973 publication Small is Beautiful, stated that for true economic development to be attained, â€Å"an entirely new system of thought is needed, a system based on attention to people, and not primarily attention to goods† (Nam, Dang, and Hainsworth, 2000, http://www.idrc.ca/geh/ev-33149-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html).He postulated that sufficient attention on the agricultural sector must be paid, especially in developing countries where th e majority of the economy is dependent on agriculture and where the bulk of the work force is in the agricultural profession.

Tuning a guitar essays

Tuning a guitar essays Musicians are known to be people of a musical knowledge. Whether it may be playing guitar, drums, or piano, we all know that in order for the instrument to sound good it must be tuned to its right notes. The guitar would be the perfect instrument when it comes to a constant repetition of tuning. In order to be a great musician, there are certain steps that must be taken. If some steps are not followed, the outcome of the sound most likely will not match what you are looking for. A better way for musicians or beginners to follow up on is to make sure that the instrument is clean, strings are in good condition, and tuning device is present to help assist in your process. To avoid damage to your guitar the first thing to keep in mind is its maintenance. Electric guitars are usually easier to keep clean, but for acoustic guitars, different supplies are needed because of its material. Acoustic guitars are made of wood. Depending on the kind of wood, your sound may vary with others. The first step to cleaning your guitar is to buy the cleaning solution. Water and a piece of clothe are usually used by most people but you will always find smudge marks and scratches on the surface. A scratch less cleaning cloth and solution is the basic thing you need. Wipe the front of the guitar first, followed bye the back, and ending with the neck. Since the solution is different from water you will need to rest the guitar for at least an hour before you begin to play. Well condition strings would be the second most important thing for a musician. Depending on a Spanish guitar or a steel string guitar, there is a big difference of the two. With a Spanish guitar, if you were to closely examine them you can see that out of the six they are bigger and have a plastic feel to them. On the other hand, a steel string guitar requires a little more inspection. Steel strings, if not properly taken care of can rust, stretch, or even snap apart. The most popul...

French Gestures ~ Understanding Using French Gestures

French Gestures ~ Understanding Using French Gestures If youve ever been to France or watched French movies, youve undoubtedly seen French people performing some familiar gestures as well as a few unfamiliar ones. While some gestures are vulgar, others are as innocuous as shaking or nodding ones head. In any case, it is as essential to understand this French sign language as it is any vocabulary. These pages include photos, explanations, and register ratings for 45 gestures. Top 10 French Gestures Among the dozens of gestures and facial expressions in these lessons, there are ten that really stand out. French Gestures by Register  (what is register?) Note that some gestures have different names and are thus listed more than once. Normal Informal Familiar Use with anyone Use only with people you tutoie Use only with close friends A peu prs Alors, l Ae, ae Baiser la main Au poil Barrons-nous Cest fini Bises Bisque ! Chut Bof Camembert Jai du nez Bouche cousue a pue On a sommeil Cest nul Cest pas donn Parfait Comme-ci, comme-a Clapet Pardon Dlicieux Coup dans le nez Rptez Faire la bise / le bisou Du fric Se serrer la main Faire la moue Ferme-la ! Silence Gallic shrug Il est cingl Tlphone Je le jure Je men fous Se tourner les pouces Jen ai ras le bol Mon il ! Un, deux, trois Sen jeter un derrire la cravate On se tire Magnifique Pied de nez Motus et bouche cousue Que dalle ! La moue Quelle barbe ! Nul Verre dans le nez On boit Passer sous le nez Poil dans la main Quest-ce quil chante, l ? Vulgar - Offensive Ras-le-bol Use with extreme care Rien Le bras dhonneur Shrug Cocu Sous le nez Va te faire foutre Victoire Zro

Ethics and Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Ethics and Governance - Essay Example According to Kant, it is morally wrong to lie. He argued, in general, business lies and it makes it difficult to obtain a balance credit if everyone lies. Kant also argued that ethics is irrelevant in the business because most business lies and behave immorally (ibid). In order to be ethical business, one must believe that shareholders and customer have dignity. They are valuable human beings and worth more than the stock or the price of the goods (ibid). Kant’s recipe for business management is (1) to treat people respectfully and consider they have dignity. Commercial transaction is not prohibited but one has to treat the others as an end not merely as a means. Acting deceptive in commercial transaction indicates dishonesty and lack of ethics, even without rational and moral capacities. This requires businesses not to coerce or deceive their shareholders or customers. Asymmetric information is common in business. Too often, managers or individuals with more information tend to consider themselves powerful and yet, are abusive to others. Kant suggested that (2) to reduce power abuse in business management, it is necessary there is open book management or transparency relationship between employers and employees. Said Bowie, when employees have full information, they have the incentive to behave responsibly. Case (1995) agreed with Kant concerning open book management. He said, open book management gives the opportunity to employees to take â€Å"a chance and act to take responsibility, rather than just doing their job†¦ gets people on the job doing things right†¦ teaches them to make smart decisions†¦ because they can see the impact of their decisions on the relevant numbers† (p. 45-46). The practice of open management would correct asymmetrical information the managers have (Bowie, 1999). Since managers have more information, they tend to abuse

Revenue Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Revenue Management - Essay Example Ans: For different industries to flourish in terms of profitability it is necessary for them to allocate their resources properly. The airlines and restaurant industry tend to keep a check over the prices and capacity offered by them. However there is a difference between how both these industries manage their price allocation and the management of capacity. In terms of airlines customers have to pay for the number of seats that they take. In other words they pay for the capacity they take. For e.g. if a customer has booked 2 seats he will pay for both the seats. This is also the case with the hotels as the customers pay for the number of rooms that they book i.e. the capacity they take. However in terms of the restaurant industry capacity is not charged for. Although in different circumstances the customer are forced to pay for the capacity. This is very unusual in the restaurant industry. But for a restaurant to increase its profitability it is necessary that they maintain a regula r booking schedule. This schedule should be properly maintained and should help the customers in booking the seats in a restaurant. This can prove to be very beneficial for the customers and the restaurant as customers would be satisfied with the service they are getting by the restaurant. And on the other hand this booking schedule would help the restaurant to improve its image in front of the customers. But it can also be said that the capacity management is interlinked in these three industries. Each of the industry is conscious about providing customers with maximum satisfaction regarding the issue of capacity. All these industries maintain a booking schedule for this purpose. The customers in these industries require seats according to their own convenience. For e.g. customers require seats in a particular plane on a particular time and same is the case with the customers who visit a restaurant as they book seats according to their own convenience. On the other hand it is also necessary for these industries to keep a control over their management of prices. It can be said that the industry of airlines and restaurant have similarities regarding the management of prices. This is because both the industries aim to maximize their profits and therefore manage their prices accordingly. The seats offered by the airlines are charged according to the level of comfort in them. Many different airlines have varying prices for their seats due to the difference in the comfort level. Prices also differ because of the service timings that the airlines provide. For e.g. some airlines charge higher as their service time is lesser than those of other airlines. Similarly the restaurants charge for the quality of the food they offer. They maintain a balance of price for different commodities they offer. For e.g. the price of some specialties offered by the restaurants are charged higher than the other commodities. At the same time the price differ s in different restaurants also because of the services that they provide. Thus it can be concluded that for both these industries to prosper it is necessary that they keep a strong command over the management of capacity and prices.Question 2: In what way does menu engineering equate to

Amy Grace Academy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Amy Grace Academy - Essay Example On going through the appropriate websites, AGA has come to know that government grants are announced each year to release grant money of up to $30,000 for new projects (Ron Wainrib). AGA is also aware that this fund is accessible to lots more people. Hence, to make a case for winning the grant it is necessary to write a concrete proposal with information concerning the need and other details and make these as accessible as possible to the grantor. The need for digital technologies is to supplement facilities for testing speaking skills. Today, there is great need for trained workers with speaking skills and abilities. The communication business is doing well and we wish to give our students the means to take a look at something that they may be involved in at some point in the future. An article on "Delivering a Quality Grant Proposal" (Don Peek) provides some ideas on writing a proposal. The article is well written but it does appear that the grantor need details of the way the money will be spent from the time it is disbursed to the moment of success when the digital technologies are installed and are successfully used by the students. Details about the information that must be provided in the proposals do not appear very encouraging. First, there are the objectives to be listed followed by another list explaining how they are proposed to be achieved. Next, there are goals and the timelines when the goals are likely to be achieved. What is petrifying is the fact that after having provided all details in the proposal, the end result could be a damp squib. But, on second thoughts, is it worth taking all the trouble to see if the grant would be available After all, there are other ways and means to raise the required funds. AGA could use these means to raise funds. It is in better position to make a general proposal and circulate it among the parents and other well-wishers. There is no question about the funds coming in. Although AGA does not have any idea how much money could be collected in this fashion, it is better to follow this route where there is a guarantee of raising funds (D.M. Mithani, p253). Of course, AGA could alter information somewhat to make the proposal appear meaningful to the grantors. AGA could mention in the proposal that the digital technology is for use in the Science department (Science and Technology). But this would not be fair or ethical. Ultimately, the purpose of making a proposal for the grant will not be defeated if it is made alongside a general fund raising campaign. It is like having the cake and eating it too. Nonetheless, this is a better approach than solely depending on the grant which may or may not come (Damodar Gujarati & Sangeetha, p496). Conclusion Each part of the source supports specific aspects of the grant application requirements. D.M. Mithani outlines loans provided by banks to make high-cost purchases with low-interest loans. Loans are no equivalent to grants but they are quick means to have funds and can be repaid on easy installments. Damodar Gujarati and Sangeetha explains the means for forecasting. Description of the NIH Guide for Grants, Contracts and Recovery Act and

Adolf Loos Design Culture Essay Example for Free

Adolf Loos Design Culture Essay There are, or were, better arguments than Loos’s against the misuse of ornament. It could be considered morally dubious, because it is a means of showing off ones wealth. That historical argument was made in the days when hand-crafted decorations were very expensive, but it no longer applicable, now that ornament can be machine-made at a modest cost. In any case, good ornamentation has never been valued solely as ostentation; traditionally, it has also been seen to have real aesthetic merit. Sometimes, excessive ornamentation could be said to be unaesthetic; and in my perspective, some extreme art creations fall into this error. Art plays a particularly important and influential role in culture. It does not simply reflect culture; it creates culture. By studying ornamentation in different periods of design history, we can understand more about how it has manifested itself and why it is a vital part of our history. Window displays, if used effectively, can bring retailers new customers, create customer loyalty, and enhance the image of the business. By decorating and furnishing the display windows, retailers can attract more customers into their stores, increase the sales and revenue, because the majority of purchase decisions are made on impulse. Window displays continue to have a massive influence even until now. It is one of the most important tools to draw customers’ attention. Even from an economic perspective, ornamentation is not necessarily a waste of labour, money, and materials. The 19th century definitely is the century of decorative arts. At the beginning of the century, the arts were ornamental subjects in the education of young ladies and gentlemen. Artistic accomplishments were displayed in pleasing social performances that appeared effortless but demonstrated good taste and ideal values, knowledge, and skills. Art education was one component of a process of secular refinement that spread from the wealthy to the middling sort and included the beautification of houses, churches, as well as school buildings. The art of interior decoration and design was at the same time intimate and luxuriant. Loos argues that ornamentation is uncivilized and primitive, and would hinder the development of national culture. However, ornamentation meant more than just decoration at that time, and the acceptable use of ornament, and its precise definition became the source of aesthetic controversy in academic Western architecture, as architects and critics searched for appropriate styles. â€Å"A plain, functional form generally signified the often harsh necessities of work, and as such was tolerated in its place, but art, in the form of decoration and ornament, represented for many people a deep aspiration for a better life† (Heskett, 56). Ornamentation at that time brought not only the sense of beauty but also mentally content to its user. What do vehicles, vacuum cleaners, ironers, planes, and ships have in common? Obviously, the streamlined design. In the 20th century, streamlined design has evolved from a scientific to an ornamental purpose. While Loos argues that ornamentation is crime and designers should focus on functions, streamlined design actually improves the functionality and the durability of a product. The goal for the future is to improve aerodynamic efficiency by greatly reducing drag while maintaining and, wherever possible, increasing down-force† (Ferrari. com). As a result of using aerodynamic streamlined design, Ferrari has become one of the best hyper-sport car brands in the world for fifty years, best known for its speed and handling. â€Å"In fact, Fordism turned the factory into a kind of super-machine in its own right, with both human and mechanical parts† (Wollen, P66). Fordism is the economic period that turned craftsmanship into the mass production of standardized objects. Under Fordism, production entailed an intensified division of industrial labor; increased mechanization and the coordination of large-scale manufacturing processes to achieve a steady flow of production, and shifted toward the using of less skilled labour. This system effectively reduces the costs of producing large quantities of products and, consequently, makes the sale price significantly lower than the craftsman’s. An ornament is not considered to be a prior-determined mask anymore, to create a significance, or, to have a certain meaning, as it was during the postmodern period. It does not have the role of concealing things, as it did in different historical periods before the modern period, when its existence was futile. A good example of modern design is a wall clock. A clock is meant to draw our attentions through its function. With a fancy design, it also serves as a decoration in the environment. But no matter how fancy the design is, a clock is always meant to be seen easily and quickly. Practical and ornamental designs oftentimes intersect. In those cases, the design elements involved can either work well together or hinder each other. Loos’s argument about decoration is degenerate and inherently criminal does not stand up. Given the time in he is writing, we can forgive Loss his racist assumptions about the black and the Papuans. However, his assertion that primitive people decorate themselves in tattoos so, therefore decoration must be a degenerate practice is completely unfounded and holds no weight at all. I appreciate modern design just as much, if not more than the ordinary person, but truth be told, I am not really interested in decoration.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. - A Model of Courage Essay -- Dr. Martin Lu

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is a Model of Courage To be courageous is necessarily connected with feeling personal danger. If no danger exists, no courage is possible. To show true courage, one must be nonviolent. Violence is the last resort of a coward. For one's courage to truly effect a situation, one must convince others to show the same type of courage. The perfect embodiment of moral courage in the face of serious personal danger is Martin Luther King Jr. King stood up to bigotry through his words and actions. He showed courage without simply thinking that danger may exist, but knowing that danger would exist. He felt that the only way to truly stand up and make a difference is to be punished for just actions. This will inspire followers to show the same impressive courage. Despite nonviolence, King was arrested on a multitude of occasions for breaking the segregation laws of his time period. During one of these arrests, King reflected on his stance in a letter to his fellow clergymen from Birmingham Jail. "There are two types of laws: there are just and there are unjust laws.. An unjust law is no law at all... So I urge men to disobey segregation ordinances because they are morally wrong... One who breaks an unjust law must do it openly, lovingly... and with a willingness to accept the penalty" King is saying that to show moral courage one must not only break the unjust laws, but one must also desire to be caught. To break an unjust law and not be punished will not serve to change the law. King took his own words to heart and broke segregation laws whenever possible. He did this while not just in the face of danger, but with danger breathing down his neck. His ability to endure punishment for a just act inspi... ...at they cannot sit idly by just because the injustices of the time do not affect them. One must act to preserve justice for all, even if one is not the target of injustice. King's moral courage had a profound effect on all those of his time period and in the future. His life and actions have significance for all people, both then and now. King's courage not only changed the world, but his words of many years ago tell people today that the fight is not over. There are people dying due to injustices all over the world. King's words about problems of the past apply to the problems of today. Injustice in the Middle East affects the justice in the life of an average middle income American. Thus, even in death King is able to call us to action. Through openness, nonviolence and a commitment to future justice, King is a model of courage in the face of personal danger.

Political Geography Essay

Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Numerous aspects of political geographic research inevitably impact our lives. This impact can either be perceived in our daily activities, or can play crucial role for the development of global international relations. Extensive knowledge of Political Geography is required for the sound development of various domestic policies, starting with transport and communications, and up to the issues of sea and oceans politics. Political Geography   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The most interesting aspect of Political Geography learned in this course   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Answering the question â€Å"what is the most interesting aspect of Political Geography learned in this course†, the following parameters should be considered: the most interesting aspect of Political Geography and its impact onto the real-life political processes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The issues of economic development and their close relation to the issues within the area of foreign relations seem to be the most important and interesting aspects of Political Geography. As far as these two aspects constantly interact, they should also be considered together. Glassner and Fahrer (2003) viewed the process of economic development through the prism of historical studies: the end of colonial era was marked by the growing need to invest all available economic resources into the development of the newly born states. â€Å"The colonial countries invested in their colonies whatever they felt was necessary to control and administer the territory† (p. 242). As a result, the ex-colonies had to find the same available resources in order to promote their further economic development. This is where Political Geography came into action: the development of foreign relations had to be based on thorough research of potential political (and especially, economic) partners. For example, the ex-colony Tuvalu has entered the United Nations only after 22 years of its independence: this time period was required to weigh economic pros and cons of foreign relations (Glassner & Fahrer, p. 244). The new countries not only had to clearly delineate their physical borders, but to determine what economic resources they could offer their partners in exchange for other resources or intangible economic benefits. â€Å"A new country has not only domestic problems to wrestle with, but foreign ones as well† (p. 244). As a result, the country cannot successfully build its relations with foreign economic partners without properly evaluating its position, and the position of other countries in the world geographical structure. Proper evaluation of this position is impossible without extensive knowledge of Political Geography.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As we consider economic development to be the most important aspect of Political Geography, it is difficult to deny that economic development cannot be successful and predictable without profound knowledge of Political Geography.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   U.S. oceans policies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The U.S. oceans policies should be developed with the account of the cultural, economic, and political parameters. The crucial aspects of oceans policies will relate to the economic zones, political delineation of shelf areas, and cultural awareness in the area of international seabed territories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Prior to 1945, the continental shelf was a geological feature known only to geologists† (p. 454). However, political and economic conditions must emphasize the importance of continental shelf in the state oceans policy. The shelf has become the political tool of controlling economic resources of the coastal states; as a result, the coastal shelf issues should be considered through both economic and political prisms. As long as the primary purpose of the state is to control its territorial integrity, the boundaries of the coastal shelf are not an exception (Agnew 2002, p. 80). This is why the political emphasis in the new ocean policy should be made upon the importance of coastal shelf for the economic and political stability of the country. Another economic aspect of ocean policies is in developing the criteria of effectiveness for exclusive economic zones. â€Å"Each coastal state now is entitled to a zone, seaward of the territorial sea and adjacent to it, within which it has sovereign rights† (p. 453). New oceans policies should pursue the effective exploration of the discussed zones with the account of possible environmental problems and potential environmental damage. Cultural awareness of mass population about the environmental issues within the oceans policies should be promoted as a part of the overall national oceans strategy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The new oceans policy should emphasize the important cultural and environmental, as well as political and economic aspects. It is important that the new policy not only emphasizes previous achievements, but effectively utilizes them to develop new policy directions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What aspect of Political Geography is the most important to our daily life?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Political Geography inevitably impacts our daily life. In this aspect, we have to define what elements of Political Geography we find crucial for our daily activity, and how they influence us.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   No one doubts that transportation and communication are the two essential elements of our daily lives; yet, not everyone knows that transportation and communication are the two aspects of Political Geography. â€Å"Movement, one of the five themes of geography, is critically important to all life on Earth and especially so to people† (p. 511). The discussed elements not only impact our daily lives, but provide the continuity of political, economic, and social processes at the global level. Transport and communications are traditionally perceived as some distant large-scale issues. However, when it comes to the need to travel, especially at a long distance, transportation issues directly impact our daily performance. Any political and geographical problems (weather, political conflicts between the states, military operations, and smaller issues with traffic jams) break our schedules, and throw us into the whirl of issues which should be resolved immediately and all together. Air transport appears to be the most politicized of all (p. 520). Ultimately, this is the air transport which is mostly impacted by political and geographical aspects, and which often does not suggest any traveling alternatives (especially in terms of overseas journeys). We often do not realize the significance of communication and transport until we face certain communication problems. Political Geography sheds the light onto the basic policies in the area of communication and transport, of which we should be aware in our daily activity (Blacksell, 2005). Even if our professions are not directly connected with transport and communications, these are the two elements of our life with which we come in touch daily. References Agnew, J. (2002). Making Political Geography. McGraw-Hill. Blacksell, M. (2005). Political geography. Routledge. Glassner, M. & Fahrer, C. (2003). Political Geography. Wiley, 3rd edition.      Ã‚     

Osmosis in Red Onion Cells

Osmosis in Red Onion Cells By: Youssef Gharib Brief Description of Osmosis in Red Onion cells: Osmosis is the diffusion of water from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration across a semi-permeable membrane. The purpose of this lab is to compare the three different types of solutions affect on the relative size of the vacuole to the cell, the outer membrane of onion red cells (tunics) are used to figure out the different types. In the red onion you can see effects promptly when the onion cells are placed in different type of solutions. The effect of the solutions is shown through the purple part within the membrane since that’s where the vacuoles are present. Question: How will the vacuole inside the cells of the outer membrane of a red onion react when deionized water, a 1%, and a 10% saline solution are added to the cells? Hypothesis: If a saline solution is added to the outer membrane of a red onion cell, then based on the amount of the solution, it will cause the vacuole inside the cell to become hypertonic thus shrinking in size. This is because water moves from inside the vacuole, to the cell since the saline solution is entering the vacuole. While if deionized water is added on to cell, then the vacuole size should get larger or stay the same. Variables: Independent Variables: type of solution, amount of solution, and the type of onion. Levels of IV: Deionized water, 1% saline solution, 10% saline solution, red onion outer membrane. Control group: Red onion without any solution added to it. Dependent Variables: amount of water inside the vacuole. Controlled Variables: . Constant temperature – this will be insured by keeping the room at a constant temperature of 21 degrees, because if temperature is not kept constant, the data might be affected. 2. Type of onion – this will be insured by using the same onion (red onion) to collect data, if a different type of onion is used, this might cause the data to be inaccurate. 3. Microscope – while collecting data, and observing what happens to th e red onion, the same microscope shall be used for observing what happens to the vacuoles. Materials: * Red Onion Scissors/ Scalpel * Microscope * 1%, 10% saline solutions * Deionized/Distilled water * Plastic cups * Cover slips Procedure: 1. Take a small piece of onion and peel off a sheet of the purple skin. Cut a piece of skin about the size of a little fingernail. 2. Place the piece onto a microscope slide, and put it under the microscope to record data as this is the control group. 3. Then add five drops of deionized water onto the slide, then record qualitative and quantitative observations on the size of the vacuole inside the cell. 4. Then repeat step one, and put the piece of skin on another microscope slide. 5. Add five drops of 1% saline solution on the slide, then record qualitative and quantitative observations on the change in size of the onion cell vacuole. 6. Step four was repeated, then five drops of 10% saline solution were dropped onto the slide. Record qualitative and quantitative observations again on the change in size of the onion cell vacuole. 7. Steps 2, 3, 5, and 6 were all recorded under high-power objective in the microscope. 8. Clean and dry slide and coverslip. Data/Data Table: The effect of Deionized water, 1%, and 10% saline solution on the outer membrane of a red onion Amount of water inside the vacuoles| No solution (control group)| Deionized water| 1% solution| 10% solution| Before| 100%| 100%| 100%| 100%| After| 100%| 100%| 85%| 65%| % change| 0%| 0%| 15%| 35%| Qualitative data/ Observations| No change, purple onion cell walls only visible| No change, deionized water didn’t cause vacuoles to shrink| Vacuoles shrank, but not significant amount. | Vacuoles shrank a lot, and are visibly hypertonic| Data Analysis: In the lab, observations were recorded to see how a 1% saline solution and a 10% saline solution affected the size of the vacuole inside the cells of the outer membrane of a red onion. The independent variables in the experiment were the: type of solution, amount of solution, and the type of onion. There was a 1% saline solution and a 10% saline solution. The type of onion used in this experiment was a red onion, and the purple outer membrane was used to record data. The control group that the experiment was based upon was a slice of the outer membrane without any solutions added to it. The dependent variable was the amount of water inside the vacuole that changed based on the addition of the saline solutions, and the deionized water. The controlled variables in the experiment were: constant temperature, the type of onion, and the microscope. The constant temperature would be insured by keeping the room at a constant temperature of 21 degrees (room temp. ), because if temperature is not kept constant, the data would be affected. The type of onion will be insured by using the same onion (red onion) to collect data, if a different type of onion is used, this would increase chance of error while collecting data. While collecting data, and observing what happens to the red onion, the same microscope was used for observing what happens to the vacuoles. The data collected and observations recorded showed that the more concentrated the saline solutions were, the more the vacuole shrunk in size. For example, when the 1% solution was added, only 15% of the vacuole lost water, while when the 10% solution was added, 35% of the vacuole lost water. The deionized water however showed barely any change in size, so it did not shrink or grow. The percentages recorded in the data table though were not accurate since they were just assumptions because the tools to correctly measure the percent change were not present. Since the experiment was only conducted once, there were no repeated trials, leading the data to be more prone to errors and uncertainties. Another error in the data was that at first many slices of the tunic had to be peeled to finally get a single strand of cells, because every time a slice would be peeled, there would be a double layer of cells, causing it to be hard to see through the microscope. Conclusion and Evaluation: In the lab, many conclusions were drawn from the results found. The data calculated, and the observations recorded supported the hypothesis, since in the data the saline solutions caused the vacuoles to shrink, and the deionized water caused the vacuole to stay the same. The saline solutions caused the vacuoles to shrink because since there was more salt outside the vacuole, the vacuole became hypertonic causing it to release water and absorb salt into the vacuole. The use of a control group in this experiment establishes the basis of a means for comparison between the different levels of IV and the control group. The procedure was not as descriptive as possible, and could have been more explanatory, and instructive. Limitations in the experiment could have been that the tunic of the red onion was not thin enough to record accurate data since it was very hard to get a single strand of cells without having two strands on top of each other. Another imitation in the experiment would've been that the correct tools to measure the quantitative data in the experiment were not present, and it caused the data to be approximated, and not accurate. A weakness in the experiment could have been that at first, the saline solutions didn’t seem to change the size of the vacuoles, until another observation was conducted from the microscope and it became visibly different. An error in the experiment would've included only having one trial, and not repeati ng any. Another error could've been contaminations with the contact of the cells with skin, and or contaminations with the dropper used for the experiment. Improvements that could've been made to this experiment were repeated trials to make the data more precise, also a way to measure the relative size of the vacuole to the cell more accurately. Another improvement could've been using a microscope with higher magnification and resolution leading to better image quality and better data. Protocol Diagram:

The Lead Cup Myth

The Lead Cup Myth Some time ago, a popular email hoax spread misinformation about the use of lead cups in the Middle Ages and The Bad Old Days.   Lead cups were used to drink ale or whisky. The combination would sometimes knock them out for a couple of days. Someone walking along the road would take them for dead and prepare them for burial. They were laid out on the kitchen table for a couple of days and the family would gather around and eat and drink and wait and see if they would wake up - hence the custom of holding a wake. The Facts Lead poisoning is a slow, cumulative process and not a fast-acting toxin. Furthermore, pure lead was not used to make drinking vessels. By the 1500s pewter had, at most, 30 percent lead in its makeup.1  Horn, ceramic, gold, silver, glass and even wood were all used to make cups, goblets, jugs, flagons, tankards, bowls and other items to hold liquid. In less formal situations, people would forgo individual cups and drink straight from the jug, which was usually ceramic. Those who overindulged in liquorto the point of unconsciousnessgenerally recovered within a day. The consumption of alcohol was a popular pastime, and coroners records are filled with reports of accidentsboth minor and fatalthat occurred to the inebriated. Although it was difficult for people in the 16th century to define death, proof of life could typically be determined by whether or not the person was breathing. It was never necessary to lay out hung-over carousers on the kitchen table and wait to see if they woke upespecially since poorer folk often had neither kitchens nor permanent tables. The custom of holding a wake goes back much further than the 1500s. In Britain,  wakes  appear to have origins in Celtic custom, and was a watch over the recently-deceased that may have been intended to protect his body from evil spirits. The Anglo-Saxons called it a lich-wake from the Old English lic, a corpse. When Christianity came to England, prayer was added to the vigil.2 Over time, the event took on a social character, where family and friends of the deceased would gather to bid them farewell and enjoy food and drink in the process. The Church tried to discourage this,3 but the celebration of life in the face of death is not something humans easily relinquish. Notes: 1. pewter   Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica  Accessed April 4, 2002]. 2. wake  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica[Accessed April 13, 2002]. 3. Hanawalt, Barbara, The Ties that Bound: Peasant Families in Medieval England (Oxford University Press, 1986), p. 240. The text of this document is copyright  ©2002-2015 Melissa Snell. You may download or print this document for personal or school use, as long as the URL below is included. Permission is not granted to reproduce this document on another website.

Todo lo que se debe conocer sobre ciudadanía americana

Todo lo que se debe conocer sobre ciudadanà ­a americana La ciudadanà ­a americana da derechos, libertades, privilegios, protecciones, y tambià ©n obligaciones, que son exclusivos de los ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos de Amà ©rica. En este artà ­culo se brinda informacià ³n sobre los 5 caminos que es posible seguir para obtener la ciudadanà ­a americana, los derechos que da ser estadounidense, cà ³mo se pierde la ciudadanà ­a y quà © problemas  puede ocasionar la doble nacionalidad. Quià ©n es ciudadano americano y cà ³mo se obtiene la ciudadanà ­a de EE.UU.   Se obtiene la ciudadanà ­a americana  de diversos modos. Y es que en  comparacià ³n con otros paà ­ses, Estados Unidos tiene una polà ­tica muy generosa en este punto.   Reconoce la ciudadanà ­a por ius solis, es decir, por nacimiento en territorio estadounidense. De hecho, esta es la forma ms comà ºn de adquisicià ³n de la condicià ³n de estadounidense y, a dà ­a de hoy, sà ³lo existe una excepcià ³n a este principio general. Asimismo,  tambià ©n la reconoce por ius sanguinis tambià ©n conocido por derecho de sangre. Es decir,  por ser hijo o hija de un estadounidense nacido fuera de los Estados Unidos, si bien en estos casos se tienen que cumplir una serie de requisitos para que se reconozca este derecho. Y, por supuesto, tambià ©n se  admite la naturalizacià ³n.  Ã‚  En la inmensa mayorà ­a de los casos las personas naturalizadas son  extranjeros que tienen la condicià ³n de  residentes permanentes legales, cumplen con todos los requisitos legales y que aprueban un examen sobre conocimientos cà ­vicos y de inglà ©s. Destacar que el tiempo  de espera de los residentes para aplicar por la ciudadanà ­a  es diferente y depende de cà ³mo se obtuvo precisamente la condicià ³n de residente. Aunque las 3 formas mencionadas -nacimiento en USA, por derecho de sangre y por naturalizacià ³n, son las formas ms comunes de obtener la ciudadanà ­a, no son las à ºnicas.   Cà ³mo se acredita  la ciudadanà ­a americana Varios documentos sirven para probar que una persona es ciudadana de los Estados Unidos. Por ejemplo,  los nacidos en cualquiera de los 50 estados que conforman la Unià ³n Americana o en cualquiera de sus territorios se puede utilizar el certificado de nacimiento. Por otro lado, los que son americanos por tener un progenitor estadounidense pero que han nacido en el extranjero pueden presentar como prueba el Certificado Consular en el que se ha registrado su nacimiento. Adems, los naturalizados pueden presentar el certificado de naturalizacià ³n que se les entrega tras finalizar la ceremonia del juramento de lealtad a los Estados Unidos. Este es un documento muy delicado que no puede fotocopiarse ni enmarcarse. Y se intentar no doblarlo para evitar que se daà ±e y ciertas partes del mismo no puedan ser leà ­das. Asimismo, en todos los casos y sin importar cà ³mo han obtenido la ciudadanà ­a, se puede mostrar como prueba un pasaporte americano vlido. Por à ºltimo, un listado ms completo de todos los documentos que podrà ­an admitirse para probar la ciudadanà ­a cuando no sea posible mostrar uno de los anteriores. Derechos de los ciudadanos americanos Para los Estados Unidos hay una divisià ³n muy clara a la hora de reconocer derechos y otorgar proteccià ³n: por un lado estn sus ciudadanos y por otro el resto de las personas. Ni siquiera los residentes permanentes legales cuentan con los mismos derechos que los ciudadanos. Quiz el privilegio ms importante es el derecho al voto. Sà ³lo los ciudadanos votan en elecciones federales tras registrarse para votar. Otros privilegios y beneficios pueden compartirse con los residentes permanentes, pero las reglas de aplicacià ³n son frecuentemente diferentes para uno y para otro. Por ejemplo, los cupones de alimentos son ms fciles de obtener para los nacionales que para los titulares de la green card, si bien hay excepciones y tambià ©n variacià ³n segà ºn el estado en el que se reside habitualmente. Asimismo, a la hora de pedir papeles de inmigracià ³n para un familiar el proceso es ms fcil, amplio y rpido si la peticià ³n la realiza un ciudadano. Y tambià ©n desde el punto de vista migratorio es importante destacar que los ciudadanos nunca pueden ser deportados, ni siquiera en  aquellos  casos en que adquirieron esa condicià ³n de adultos por naturalizacià ³n y ostentan doble nacionalidad con otro paà ­s. En materia de empleo, trabajos donde se necesita una autorizacià ³n para manejar informacià ³n de algà ºn modo relacionada con la seguridad puede estar reservada exclusivamente a los estadounidenses. Por ejemplo, en ciertas posiciones en el Foreign Service o en el Civil Service o para ser oficial en cualquiera de los cuatro Ejà ©rcitos. Incluso privilegios que llegan al corazà ³n pero que tienen poco que ofrecer desde el punto de vista prctico estn reservados para los americanos, como solicitar a la Casa Blanca el envà ­o de una felicitacià ³n por aniversarios o nacimientos. Pà ©rdida de la nacionalidad americana Es extraordinariamente infrecuente perder la ciudadanà ­a americana, pero es posible. Bsicamente por realizacià ³n de forma voluntaria de ciertos actos penados por la ley con la pà ©rdida de la condicià ³n de estadounidense o por decisià ³n personal. Si se renuncia motu propio debe hacerse en el extranjero, en una oficina consular y la decisià ³n es irreversible. Evitar los pagos al IRS suele ser una de las razones para tomar esta decisià ³n. Y es que Estados Unidos es à ºnico en el mundo al exigir cumplir con las obligaciones tributarias a sus ciudadanos sin importar donde estos residan. Y es que hay casos en los que a falta de tratados bilaterales de doble tributacià ³n, los americanos expatriados estn obligados a pagar importantes cantidades en concepto de impuestos simultneamente en los Estados Unidos y en el paà ­s en el que residen habitualmente. Y esto parece ser que est causando un nà ºmero pequeà ±o pero notable de renuncias a la nacionalidad. Este es un listado de 10 famosos que renunciaron voluntariamente a su condicià ³n de estadounidenses por razones muy variadas. Doble nacionalidad: Estados Unidos y otro paà ­s La doble nacionalidad significa que una misma persona posee simultneamente la ciudadanà ­a de dos paà ­ses. Es una situacià ³n tolerada por Estados Unidos pero no fomentada por los problemas y conflictos que esta doble lealtad puede acarrear. Las personas con doble nacionalidad deben tener claro que esta condicià ³n puede afectar negativamente en ciertos trabajos, como por ejemplo en aquellos que requieren un security clearance. Por à ºltimo, aunque se pueden tener dos pasaportes, se entra y se sale de Estados Unidos exclusivamente con el pasaporte americano, no el de otro paà ­s. A tener en cuenta Son ciudadanos americanos desde el momento de su nacimiento todas las personas nacidas en un territorio o Commonwealth de Estados Unidos, como es, por ejemplo el caso de Puerto Rico. Y desde el punto de vista de leyes migratorias Puerto Rico tiene exactamente las mismas leyes que los 50 estados de USA. Quienes desean viajar a la Isla deben contar con los documentos apropiados. Curiosidades Las personas que tengan curiosidad por saber quà © preguntan en el examen de naturalizacià ³n para obtener la ciudadanà ­a americana pueden tomar este test de respuestas mà ºltiples que contiene preguntas reales.   Para aprobar el test hay que contestar correctamente un mà ­nimo de 6 de un total de 10. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.